A Locomotive, originally called a Locomotive in England, the country of its inventor, originally meant to be mobile, that is, moved by a machine, referring to all railway traction power.

The first steam locomotive was built in 1803 by an Englishman, Richard trevisek, but it is not certain that it was ever run. George Stephenson, now widely regarded as the "father of steam locomotives", designed the "journey", which opened in 1825 and carried 53.7 tonnes and 15 miles per hour on the stockton-darling line, the first fully operational railway.

A steam locomotive, as the name suggests, is powered by steam. It skillfully used the steam engine technology invented by the Englishman watt. By boiling water with coal, it turned water into steam and pushed the piston to make the train run. The appearance and function of a steam locomotive are quite different from today's trains. It is the first generation of trains in the world.

In China, in July 1952, the sifang locomotive and rolling stock factory produced the new China's first steam locomotive, which was named liberation type and code-named JF. The construction speed is 80km/h, and the full length (locomotive and coal-water truck) is 22634mm. The locomotives were then mass-produced, and by the time production was discontinued in 1960, 455 were built. Many other locomotives were produced: forward, people, upstream, anti-imperialist, liberation, victory, construction, spark, self-reliance, rong jian, red flag, industrial construction, leap forward, and equality.

Diesel locomotive a locomotive whose wheels are driven by a gearing with an internal combustion engine as the prime mover. According to the type of internal combustion engine on locomotive, diesel engine is mostly used in China's railway.

The first homemade diesel locomotive in China was successfully trial-produced in 1958 by dalian locomotive and rolling stock factory after the model T3 electric transmission diesel locomotive of the former Soviet union. It is the "dragon" electric transmission diesel locomotive, after the improved design finalize the design, named dongfeng and mass production. In the same year, Beijing erqi locomotive factory successfully "construction" electric drive diesel locomotive, qishuyan locomotive and rolling stock factory successfully "advance" electric drive diesel locomotive, but these two kinds of cars are not mass production. Sifang locomotive and rolling stock factory also began to design in 1958. In 1959, it successfully trial-produced China's first hydraulic transmission diesel locomotive, which was then named "satellite" and codenamed NY1. After a long period of testing and many times of improvement, the product was finalized as Oriental red type and was mass produced in 1966.

Electric locomotive refers to the railway locomotive driven by electric energy extracted from the outside world. The power supply mainly consists of overhead cable, third rail and battery. Electric locomotive is a kind of locomotive without its own energy because the electric energy is supplied by the contact network or the third rail of the electrified railway power supply system.

Shaoshan ss1 electric locomotive, ss1 electric locomotive is the first generation of electric locomotive in China. From 1969 to 1988, 826 units were produced. Locomotive continuous power 3780kW, maximum speed 90km/h, length 19400mm. Shaoshan 1 electric locomotive won the national science congress award. The SS1 locomotive is not only stable in performance, but also very quiet in operation. Until now, the SS1 locomotive is still in full use and has become a gold classic in electric locomotives. Has considerable historical significance and value. Also is our country first generation track traction green power. Now for the passenger and cargo dual - purpose locomotives. But transportation of goods accounts for the majority. SS1 electric locomotive is called "peony" by fans. Zhuzhou power plant by the manufacture. Shaoshan type 1 electric locomotive is named after shaoshan, the hometown of MAO zedong.

The electric locomotive starts up quickly, climbs the slope ability to be strong, the work does not suffer the cold influence, when the movement does not have the soot, therefore in the transportation busy railroad main line and the tunnel many, the steep mountainous area line can play the superiority.

In June 1996, the first ac drive electric locomotive developed by China was born, which indicated that China's electric locomotive was expected to leap forward from direct transmission to ac drive, and laid a foundation for catching up with the world's advanced level. The CRH1 electric emu is one of the CRH series high-speed electric emu models ordered by the ministry of railways of the People's Republic of China from 2004 to bombardier transportation and Qingdao sifang bombardier railway transportation equipment co., ltd. for the sixth large speed-up of China railway. The ministry of railways has named all its CRH vehicles after foreign technology.

Maglev train is a kind of maglev force, that is, the use of magnetic attraction and repulsive force to promote the train. Because of the magnetic force of its orbit, it is suspended in the air and does not need to touch the ground when walking. Therefore, only the air resistance can greatly increase its speed.

The maglev train makes use of the principle of electromagnet "same sex repels each other", so that the magnet has the ability to resist gravity, so that the car body completely off the track, suspended in the distance from the track about 1 cm, flying in the air, creating a near "zero altitude" space flight miracle.

In March 1989, the national university of defense technology developed China's first prototype magnetic levitation test vehicle.

On January 20, 2012, the medium-low speed maglev train rolled off the line in nanche zhuzhou electric locomotive co., LTD., which is a maglev train and test line designed according to commercial operation conditions. The maglev train runs at a speed of 100km/h and can meet the requirements of various curves and ramps of the test line.

On December 26, 2015, changsha high-speed railway south station to huanghua airport 18.55km "changsha maglev express line" test run. This is the first demonstration line of medium-low speed maglev commercial operation with full independent intellectual property rights in China.

In June 2018, China's first commercial maglev 2.0 train rolled off the line at CRRC zhuzhou electric locomotive co LTD.